Many people believe working while collecting Social Security will permanently reduce their benefits, but the rules are more nuanced. Whether your benefits are affected depends on your age, your earnings, and whether you've reached Full Retirement Age. Learn how the Social Security earnings test works, what income counts, and why many retirees receive those withheld benefits back later.

Could Congress change Social Security before I retire—or even after I've started collecting benefits?

The short answer is yes.

Congress has the authority to make changes to Social Security. However, understanding what could happen—and what is actually being proposed—can help you make informed retirement decisions without reacting to alarming headlines.

Why is Congress discussing Social Security?

Social Security has provided retirement benefits for nearly 90 years, but demographic changes are creating long-term funding challenges.

Can your Social Security benefits be taxed? Learn how Social Security taxation works, what determines whether your benefits are taxable, and practical planning considerations for retirement.